Showing posts with label American. Show all posts
Showing posts with label American. Show all posts

Wednesday, January 5, 2011

2012 Ford Mustang Boss 302 Laguna Seca in Grabber Blue


Ford has announced that a unique 2012 Ford Mustang Boss 302 Laguna Seca painted in Grabber Blue will be put on auction at the 40th Annual Barrett-Jackson Collector Car Auction with proceeds going to the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation (JDRF).

At the auction’s stage, providing commentary will be also the great Parnelli Jones who won the 1970 Trans-Am season opener in a Boss 302 and the Laguna Seca is named after the track where he won that race.

The one-of-one production unit gets black accents on the roof, mirrors and spoiler, Citic Diecastel wheels and C-Stripe. There is also a Grabber Blue grille surround. The cabin is equipped with Recaro seats with Grabber Blue seat embroidery and Rear X-Brace.

Like the standard model, power is provided by a 5.0-liter V8 engine with 440 hp (328 kW / 446 PS) and 380 lb-ft (515 Nm) of torque. It is connected to a six-speed manual transmission which sends power to the rear wheels through a Torsen limited-slip differential.

Full press release can be found below. Note that the MSRP of either the Boss 302 and Laguna Seca models have yet to be officially announced. Current peculation has them priced between  $40,000 and $50,000. We’ll find out the real price soon enough, as the auction takes place at the end of this month.

Source: Ford


2012 Ford Mustang Boss 302 Laguna Seca Grabber Blue 2012 Ford Mustang Boss 302 Laguna Seca Grabber Blue


Press Release

TWO FORD MUSTANG LEGENDS JOIN FORCES FOR CHARITY AT 40TH ANNUAL BARRETT-JACKSON SCOTTSDALE AUCTION


  • A one-of-one factory-painted Grabber Blue 2012 Ford Mustang Boss 302 Laguna Seca will be auctioned for charity Saturday, Jan. 22, to help Barrett-Jackson celebrate its 40th Annual Collector Car Auction in Scottsdale, Ariz.
  • All proceeds from the auction of the car above MSRP will benefit the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation, a leader in research leading to a cure for Type 1 diabetes
  • Powered by a smooth, high-winding 444-horsepower 5.0-liter V8, the Mustang Boss 302 Laguna Seca is the best-handling Mustang ever

Dearborn, Mich., Jan. 6, 2011 - A racing legend and a race-inspired car will team up to raise money for the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation (JDRF) at the 40th Annual Barrett-Jackson Collector Car Auction at WestWorld in Scottsdale, Ariz.

A spectacular, one-of-a-kind factory-painted Grabber Blue 2012 Ford Mustang Boss 302 Laguna Seca will be sold to the highest bidder with none other than racing great Parnelli Jones providing commentary from the auction stage with Ford's Mustang team. Jones won the 1970 Trans-Am season opener in a Boss 302 and the Laguna Seca is named after the track where he won that race. The event will be televised live on SPEED channel.

"I am very excited to see that Ford is carrying on the tradition of the Boss Mustang," said Jones. "Ford had the right ingredients to bring back this legendary car and it's a great addition to the Mustang lineup."

Alongside Jones on the auction stage will be Ford's President of The Americas Mark Fields and Mustang Chief Engineer Dave Pericak.

"Like the legendary Parnelli Jones, the Boss Mustang we will be auctioning is truly one-of-a-kind. It is the only 2012 Grabber Blue Boss 302 Laguna Seca we will ever build," said Fields. "The winning bidder on this car will not only become part of Mustang history but also will be a pioneer in the next chapter of the Boss legacy. At the same time, he or she will be contributing to a worthy cause, the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation."

All proceeds from the auction of the car above MSRP will benefit JDRF, a leader in research leading to a cure for Type 1 diabetes. During the past four years, Ford - partnering with Barrett-Jackson - has raised nearly $2.5 million for charity through sales of vehicles at auction.

"With its combination of hot styling and serious performance, Ford's Boss Mustang has always been at the top of the list for collectors," said Steve Davis, president of Barrett-Jackson Company. "Since this Boss Mustang will have a very low production number and be specially built for our 40th anniversary event, the new owner will have a special piece of performance history for their collection. It's a rare opportunity to support charity while taking home a very desirable modern collectible car."

This Boss 302 Laguna Seca - a one-of-one production unit - was built specifically for auction at Barrett-Jackson. In addition to the unique Grabber Blue body color, it features:

Distinctive black accents on the roof, mirrors and spoiler, Citic Dicastal wheels and C-Stripe
Recaro seats with Grabber Blue seat embroidery and Rear X-Brace
Grabber Blue grille surround
The Laguna Seca package pares the race-inspired 2012 Boss 302 down to its essential elements, with aggressive suspension, chassis and aerodynamic tuning, creating a ready-for-racing Boss.

The Boss Mustang is set to become the quickest, best-handling, straight-production Mustang ever offered by Ford. In fact, Ford would not green-light Boss Mustang production until track testing confirmed it would top one of the world's best at the time - the 2010 BMW M3.
The Boss 302 Laguna Seca delivers more than 1.03 g of lateral acceleration, stopping distances shortened by three feet from 60 mph over Boss, 0-60 mph acceleration improvements of one tenth of a second, and an overall expected lap time improvement of one to two seconds versus the standard Boss on a typical road course.

The limited-production Mustang Boss 302 and Laguna Seca will be built at AutoAlliance International Assembly Plant in Flat Rock, Mich.

Monday, December 20, 2010

Fast Lane Daily 1000th episode at Nürburgring【Video】


Episode 1000 of Fast Lane Daily, the longest running and most popular internet based automotive newscast. For episode 1000, Executive Producer Emil Rensing challenges Derek DeAngelis and the team to fly to Germany and drive the Nurburgring for under $1000. Is it possible? Does Derek crash? Does he complete a lap for under $1000? Find out on Episode 1000. No, it might not be an episode worthy of Top Gear, Derek may have listened to Justin Bieber on his iPod instead of Lil Wayne, but let's face it: Anytime you get to drive a track...


Press Release

In 2004 Russell Datz, Fred Seibert and I produced an interstitial car news minute for the newly launched Spike TV called "Zero to Sixty". Albie Hecht, the then president of Spike introduced us to a then unknown Danica Patrick -- and I learned my first lesson about producing TV: Place your bets early and invest boldly in talent. Alan Goodman, who directed our first shoots and crafted our first scripts taught me my second lesson about producing TV: Always wear a sport-coat so no one on the crew asks you to lift anything heavy.

Zero to Sixty Episode 1: http://bit.ly/eV2rxM

Rory Camangian sold 3 sponsors in the first 2 weeks: Valvoline, Castrol and Electronic Arts, but sadly we didn't last long on Spike. The concept of short-form programming didn't work well on the television, even though it was very slowly becoming all the rage with us nerds on the Internet... But that was just a fad, right?

About a year later, Fred and I were hot-to-trot on video podcasting and launched Channel Frederator and VOD Cars in the iTunes Podcast Directory -- before iTunes supported video podcasting or Apple had an iPod that played video. I put up the first episode of VOD Cars late one night in August of 2005. I cut together the episode on a stolen copy of FinalCut Pro with some footage shot by Rob Ferretti. (That cop may be yelling at me. His name was Dave, by the way and he was a very nice man.) I even put a commercial in there -- to teach my audience from day 1 that this was television-like and about making money. (God bless you, Trunk Monkey!)

VOD Cars Episode 1: http://bit.ly/ghMAdK

Fred did similarly with Channel Frederator -- and even David Karp wanted to follow-suit with a Kung-Fu podcast but he was too busy with something called Tumblr.

Pete Alcorn from Apple featured our unique brand of 320 x 240 pixel video mayhem in the iTunes Podcast Directory. About a week later, I looked at my download numbers from pair.com who was hosting vodcars.com and, well, by the time the month was over, I owed them almost $20,000.00 in bandwidth charges. I recall having a great conversation with my now ex-wife trying to explain the situation: "You raced around like a lunatic with your friends in a Ferrari you shouldn't have bought, video taped it, put it on the Internet and then paid more money than you have to let people watch it?"

Well, when you say it that way... (To her credit, she was always supportive of my insanity.)

For a brief time, vodcars.com was a directory of car videos on the Internet. Mike Glenn assembled a TON of those links from places like StreetFire.net, CarVids.com, RacingFlix.com and helped build those pages. Traffic soared -- proportional to the bills.

Then YouTube came along and killed it all slowly but brilliantly with a much better, much more robust, much more consumer friendly video sharing service. Podcasting became second fiddle to web video when Flash won the format war thanks to YouTube.

But that was ok: It meant that someone else believed what Fred and I believed.

Fred and I wrangled a team together: Tim Shey, Herb Scannell, and Jed Simmons. We somehow convinced Spark, Saban, and Balderton to believe that television on the Internet was the next big thing of the moment -- even after I told one of our VC partners, in our very first meeting, "fuck you" and essentially threw them out of our offices. (What? At least I'm consistent!) Next New Networks was born from our collective vision as creative, venture, development, production, programming, and management professionals. We started down the car road, among several other categories we still believe in to this day. "If you want to own a category, you want to own the news." Herb's words ring in my ears.

A daily car news show, shot in a studio every day, fashioned after Zero to Sixty... It made a lot of sense. We couldn't and didn't want to compete with Autoblog, World Car Fans or Jalopnik. We wanted to add something new to the community. How could we do something fresh, unique, and very different? How could we be the low cost provider of a great video news program? How could we be quality without being expensive?

Fast Lane Daily was born and became the cornerstone of our fledgeling internet-tv-automotive-video-media-empire. Garage 419, Global Motor Spies, VOD Cars, Bikini Model Driving School, Shakedown, FLDetours... Great programming with folks like Derek D., Matt Farah, Gene Sanchez, Alex Gizela, Tina Beth Pina, Ji Young Min, Andrea Feczko, Carrie Millbank and countless others who made it all go... We had lots of traffic, lots of audience, lots of fun for the next few years. We brought our audiences places they never saw before. All that cool stuff car companies do that you didn't get to see? We showed it to you. All those cool videos from races, events, test days, factories, shops, and tracks? We had them just for you. Videos shot by the community of cool stuff caught on camera they wanted to share with the world? They gave it to us and we helped make them famous. Slowly but surely the industry saw what we could do for them.

Fast Lane Daily Episode 1: http://bit.ly/gOsWfm

A few years ago, I remember the launch of the Ford Mustang Bullitt in San Francisco. Ford staged an impressive "reveal" and posted the video on YouTube. Overnight they did almost 50 views and they were stoked! Mike Spinelli filed a report on the road during the drive and our version did about 5,000 in the same period of time. The consistency of delivery and the relationship with our audience made our channel valuable -- and folks began to see that and understand and seek out our help in getting their message out with powerful video as opposed to just a press release, photo, and a few words.

It was working!

The one thing we didn't have was a lot of ads... and with the down turn in Detroit things got even worse and automotive media fell by the way side across the board.

In November of 2009, Fast Lane Daily and Next New Networks changed their relationship. Fast Lane Daily joined the "Next New Creators Program" and I began funding the production of Fast Lane Daily, Shakedown, and FLDetours and shuttering Garage 419, VOD Cars, and most tragically Bikini Model Driving School (sorry, girls). The economic mess is a temporary condition. I worked very hard to get us where we were. I worked hard to get folks like JF Musial, Leo Parente, Alan Kaufman, Mike Spinelli, Kenny Herman, Ian Jenkins, Tom Albrecht, Donny Nordlicht, Tom Morningstar, Matt Farah and Derek D. on the team and I wasn't going to let them go lightly. While some folks went their own way, some of the shows went "off the air", some folks went to work wirth friends, and some folks went to work for me in other capacities. New people joined our team like Josh, Richard, and new Iain. We even got Alex Roy to come to the party regularly! Tangent Vector was born from the vision of JF and Christian -- and he, Leo, and Derek never gave up hope and basically forced me to keep making Fast Lane Daily because none of them wanted to get full-time day jobs.

We changed what we do. We changed how we did it. We "fired" Derek. Got Leo on-camera and writing more often -- and are back better than ever with a new tone, a new show, a new feel and a new Derek. It's more fun. It's more conversational and more intimate -- and it's working better than ever. November 2010 was our best month ever, up until December whch is looking like it'll set the bar again as our biggest month yet! Automotive media is no longer a "dirty word". BBC's TopGear USA is on fire (say what you will, it's doing very well for History) and rumour has it that Speed TV is trying to get in on the mix with a new pilot starring a former Internet star who all us car nerds know and love. Video on the Internet is becoming more and more of a preferred medium for advertisers and Fast Lane Daily continues to forge great bonds with our ever increasing audience and folks building new technologies like Autostream (but more on that some other day.)

So, as you watch Derek's journey in Fast Lane Daily episode 1,000 to the automotive nirvana that is the Nurburgring... and as you watch him drive the world-famous Green Hell in a rented Citröen C4 "Picasso" mini-van... and as you laugh at the part where he can't pump his own gas because he's from New Jersey... keep in mind that we made this happen on a budget less than the catering service on a television studio shoot.

We do this because you love it. We do this because we love it. And we do this because we love that you love to love what we love to love to do.

And that's how we got to episode 1,000.

Wednesday, December 15, 2010

GMC Sierra All Terrain HD concept【Video】


The GMC Sierra All Terrain HD Concept is going to debut next month at the Detroit Auto Show. GM started with the Sierra HD as the basis for the concept.the Concept uses a modified version of the pickup’s 4WD system, the new 6.6-litre Duramax Diesel that produces 397 horsepower and 765 pound-feet of torque and the Allison 1000 six-speed automatic transmission.

The car’s built on a modified, production-based 4WD chassis and the Duramax diesel/Allison 1000 six-speed powertrain but gets a unique suspension system, which in combination with the wheels and the body dimensions makes it an awesome looking vehicle capable of traveling over super rough surfaces.

Like the SVT Raptor, the Sierra All Terrain HD Concept features larger wheel wells in order to cover the massive 35-inch BFGoodrich KM2 tires wrapped around 20-inch alloy wheels. Ground clearance has also been increased by 3 inches compared to the regular Sierra HD. Shorter bumpers help the truck boasts greater approach and departure angles.

Inside, GM has fitted the All Terrain concept with a Denali-spec interior with additional satin metal finishes and a leather-wrapped dash. What’s more, a next-generation stereo system with an 80-gigabyte hard drive has been fitted inside this concept, and we’ll soon be seeing this new system across the full GM product range.


GMC Sierra All Terrain HD concept GMC Sierra All Terrain HD concept GMC Sierra All Terrain HD concept GMC Sierra All Terrain HD concept GMC Sierra All Terrain HD concept GMC Sierra All Terrain HD concept GMC Sierra All Terrain HD concept GMC Sierra All Terrain HD concept GMC Sierra All Terrain HD concept GMC Sierra All Terrain HD concept GMC Sierra All Terrain HD concept GMC Sierra All Terrain HD concept


Press Release

GMC Sierra All Terrain HD Concept Takes Heavy-Duty Capability To New Ground


DETROIT - The GMC Sierra All Terrain HD concept is an exploration of heavy-duty truck capability combined with greater off-road versatility. It is highlighted by a bold exterior design, enhanced all-terrain suspension and premium details expected of a GMC - all designed to enable greater access to off-road destinations.

The new 2011 Sierra HD underpins the All Terrain HD concept, with a modified, production-based 4WD chassis and the Duramax diesel/Allison 1000 six-speed powertrain. The enhanced suspension and unique body dimensions, including increased ground clearance and wider track, as well as greater approach/departure angles, deliver off-road capability while maintaining HD levels of payload and trailering capacity.

"The Sierra All Terrain HD concept takes GMC's outstanding new HD platform to the next level, marries it to the legendary Duramax diesel/Allison transmission, and provides a heavy-duty expression of GMC's premium All Terrain package," said Lisa Hutchinson, GMC product marketing director. "It delivers the exceptional capabilities of the Sierra HD - hauling, towing and performance - and applies them to the toughest driving environments. It's the ultimate professional-grade tool for construction crews, ranchers and adventurers whose activities aren't limited by where the pavement ends."

The Sierra All Terrain HD features a unique five-foot, eight-inch Crew Cab/short box body configuration that supports a wheels-at-the-corners proportion. Shorter in overall length than production Sierra HD models, the concept's dimensions contribute to greater approach/departure angles. Additional off-road elements include:

  • Wider, 73-inch (1,853 mm) track for greater stability
  • Approximately 3 inches (76 mm) greater ground clearance
  • Custom front upper and lower control arms
  • Specially constructed Fox off-road shocks with remote fluid reservoirs (integrated in the wheel house liners)
  • Front and rear jounce shocks
  • Electronic front stabilizer bar disconnection
  • 35-inch-tall BFGoodrich KM2 "mud terrain" tires mounted on 20-inch machined aluminum wheels
  • Full composite underbody protection.
"The capability-enhancing attributes of the Sierra All Terrain HD build on the already outstanding capabilities offered in the all-new production Sierra HD trucks," said Hutchinson. "Although it is strictly a concept, it is a pretty realistic one."

Purposeful design

From every angle, the All Terrain HD looks the part of a dedicated off-road performer, with bold, accentuated features complemented by a wide stance and tall profile.

Streamlined bumpers are designed to enhance approach/departure angles and incorporate frame-mounted recovery hooks - with integrated skid plates. A large, airflow-optimized grille maximizes cooling in tough conditions, while a forced-induction hood delivers more air to the Duramax diesel engine.

"The design of the All Terrain HD is an expression of its capabilities - strong, functional and absolutely professional grade," said Carl Zipfel, design manager. "We're excited about the design elements and exploring how they could apply to future GMCs."

Large fender flares stretch away from the body to cover the 35-inch-tall BFGoodrich tires. At the rear, the cargo box features lockable, lighted storage compartments, along with a number of tie-down cleats, including a pair in the bed floor and two on each side of the bed. A non-slip rubber pad is used on the tailgate, while two special compartments inside the cargo box provide access to a 110-volt power outlet and air compressor. A composite bed liner with a unique "circuit board" pattern provides a protective cover for the bed.

Motorized, deployable assist steps for the cab and cargo bed make it easier to enter and exit the All Terrain HD, while maximizing ground clearance during off-road driving. It also incorporates a number of industrial-grade lighting elements to provide greater visibility for safer driving where stars may be the only other source of illumination. The lighting details include:

  • High-intensity LED headlamp, taillamp and fog lamp lighting mounted in impact-resistant composite housings and featuring edge-lit illumination
  • High-intensity LED park and turn signal lamps
  • Smooth-appearance front marker lamps integrated behind the top edge of the windshield glass
  • Integrated center high-mounted stop lamp and rear marker lights mounted at the top edge of the rear window glass
  • LED floodlights for the cargo bed and assist steps.
The All Terrain HD is painted Iridium Metallic - a dark charcoal color that reveals a reddish, anodized inflection when viewed from certain angles. It complements other anodized and satin-metal finishes on the exterior, which give the truck a more precise and functional appearance.

The interior matches the exterior aesthetic, with premium appointments and increased functionality, including enhanced lighting. It conveys solidity and precision, blending accent details such as stainless steel mesh and satin chrome with an amplified expression of the All Terrain's premium features. Two-tone dark gray leather seats, matched with embossed carbon fiber-style leather on the seating surfaces, have red contrast stitching. Additional leather-wrapped interior features include the steering wheel, instrument panel and center console.

A new navigation radio is also featured on the Sierra All Terrain HD concept and previews future radios to be offered in GMC vehicles. An integrated 80-gig hard drive contains map data for the navigation system. It eliminates the need for a map disc and provides greater storage of music from portable devices. It also features DVR-style "time lapse playback," which allows up to 20 minutes of recording/playback from the AM/FM/XM radio stations.

All Terrain chassis and suspension

Based on the chassis of the 2011 Sierra HD trucks, the All Terrain HD features a fully boxed steel frame with exceptional strength and torsional stiffness. It incorporates the production models' new independent front suspension and asymmetrical rear leaf-spring suspensions, but with a wider 73-inch (1,853 mm) track (front and rear) that enhances stability during off-road and highway driving. A production Sierra 2500HD has front and rear tracks of 68.8 inches (1,748 mm) and 67.3 inches (1,709 mm), respectively.

An increased ride height provides greater ground clearance of 21.1 inches (536 mm) at the rockers and 11.8 inches (300 mm) at the skid plates, while specialized Fox off-road shocks deliver exceptional damping on tough terrain. They were created specially for the All Terrain HD, with specific valving. The shocks feature visible, remote fluid reservoirs - connected to the shock bodies via custom hoses - mounted in the wheel house liners and are matched with front and rear jounce shocks. They add additional compression damping and more controlled rebound, which helps increase control, stability and handling.

The All Terrain HD also features electronic disconnection of the front stabilizer bar, which enables greater crawling capability on rocky terrain. The driver simply pushes a button inside the cab to disconnect it from the front suspension.

Custom upper and lower control arms for the front suspension are designed to work with the Fox off-road shocks and jounce shocks, while supporting the greater ground clearance and ride height. They contribute to the wider track, as do the aggressive 20-inch machined aluminum all-terrain wheels. The wheels are deep, with six split-spoke elements, and are constructed in a reverse drop-flange method that ensures optimal strength. They also feature a mix of satin chrome and anodized aluminum finishes, which provide durability and a premium appearance that complements the body's Iridium Metallic color.

A full composite underbody protection system shields the All Terrain HD's transmission, drivetrain, fuel tank, exhaust system and axle differentials. It starts with the front bumper, which rolls beneath the truck and leads to a composite, integral belly pan that covers a front suspension skid plate. Protective covers are also mounted beneath the driveline components, while the front and rear differentials feature direct-mounted skid plates. The rear bumper is integrated with the rear skid plate.

Powertrain details

The Sierra All Terrain HD concept is propelled by the new, production 6.6L Duramax turbo-diesel V-8 and Allison 1000 six-speed automatic transmission powertrain combination offered in the 2011 Sierra HD trucks. The Duramax is rated at 397 horsepower (296 kW) and 765 lb.-ft. of torque (1,037 Nm).

The powerful 6.6L Duramax is more fuel-efficient - with up to 11-percent greater fuel economy than previous versions - and reduces NOx emissions by up to 63 percent. The powertrain's efficiency is assisted by the Allison 1000 transmission, which requires less engine power to funnel torque to the axles. It also incorporates a "smart" exhaust brake feature that helps save wear on the brakes on downhill grades, a feature available on production Sierra HDs.

With the same proven powertrain as production Sierra HD trucks, the All Terrain HD delivers comparable hauling and towing capabilities, including:

  • Estimated payload capacity of 2,700 pounds (1,225 kg)
  • Estimated conventional towing capacity of 13,000 pounds (5,896 kg)
  • Estimated fifth-wheel towing capacity of 15,600 pounds (7,076 kg).

The Sierra All Terrain HD also features four-wheel drive, with automatic locking front and rear differentials, while the 14-inch, four-wheel disc brake system from the production Sierra HD provides the stopping power for this unique off-roader.

GMC SIERRA ALL TERRAIN HD CONCEPT SPECIFICATIONS

Vehicle:

GMC All Terrain HD concept

Body style / driveline:

5-passenger crew cab, 3/4-ton 4-wheel-drive heavy-duty pickup

Construction:

body on frame

Engine:

Duramax 6.6L turbo-diesel

Horsepower / kW @ rpm:

397 / 296 @ 3000

Torque (lb.-ft/ / Nm) @ rpm:

765 / 1037 @ 1600

Transmission:

Allison 1000 six-speed automatic

Suspension (front):

long- and short-arm independent with torsion bars

Suspension (rear):

semi-elliptic two-stage multi-leaf spring

Steering type:

integral power-assisted recirculating ball

Brakes (type):

power-assisted, Hydroboost brake-apply system, four-wheel disc, four-wheel ABS

Brake rotor diameter x thickness
(in / mm):

front: 13.97 x 1.57 / 355 x 40
rear: 14.17 x 1.34 / 360 x 34

Wheel size and type:

20 x 9.5-inch aluminum

Tire type and size:

BFGoodrich KM2 325/60R20

Wheelbase (in / mm):

148.6 / 3774

Overall length (in / mm):

230.9 / 5864

Overall width (in / mm):

83 / 2106

Overall height (in / mm):

81.8 / 2077

Track – front (in / mm):

73 / 1853

Track – rear (in / mm):

73 / 1853

Minimum ground clearance – (in / mm):

21.1 / 536 (at rocker panels);
11.8 / 300 (at skid plates)

Approach angle – front (deg.):

39

Approach angle – rear (deg.):

31

Maximum payload (lbs. / kg):

2700 / 1225 (est.)

Maximum towing capacity – ball hitch (lbs. – kg):

13,000 / 5896 (est.)

Maximum towing capacity – fifth-wheel hitch (lbs. – kg):

15,600 / 7076 (est.)